Structure
Noun + に当たる
Noun + に当たる + Noun
Details
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Standard
About に当たる
As mentioned in our 当たり lesson, 当たる often has a meaning that is similar to に対して 'to be in regard to'. Due to this, when combined with the case marking particle に, に当たる will be translated as 'to correspond to', 'to amount to', 'to be appropriate for', or 'to be in regard to'. These may seem quite different, but we will examine the similarities shortly.
To use に当たる, attach it to the end of an (A) noun that you would like to mark as being the 'point of reference'. (B) may come directly after に当たる, or earlier in the sentence, so long as it is clearly separated from (A).
As for the link between に対して and に当たる, it is as follows. In に対して, (A) and (B) exist simultaneously, but (B) opposes something about (A). に当たる, (A) and (B) exist simultaneously, but (B) matches something about (A). Due to this, unless the speaker is specifically trying to highlight something that is 'opposing', or 'matching', the base meaning of '(A) and (B) existing simultaneously' may be the standard translation.
Examples
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おじと呼んでいるけど、実はいとこに当たるんだ。
I call him 'uncle,' but in reality, he is my cousin.
江戸という都市は現在の東京に当たる。
The city called 'Edo' corresponds to present-day Tokyo.
彼女の長男のリンゴパンはパムの父に当たる。
Her eldest son, Ringopan, also corresponds to the father of Pamu.
「地下鉄」に当たる言葉は、イギリスでは「underground」で、アメリカでは「subway」です。
The word corresponding to 'chikatetsu' is 'underground' in the United Kingdom, and 'subway' in the United States.
ドイツでは日本の首相に当たる役職を「Bundeskanzler 」と呼んでいる。
In Germany, the position corresponding to the Japanese prime minister is called 'Bundeskanzler'.
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