Grammar Info

N5 Lesson 4: 12/13

がある + (Noun)Noun (B) that has Noun (A), Noun (B) with Noun (A)

Structure

Noun + がある(1) + Noun

(1) のある

Details

  • Expression

  • Noun

  • Standard

About がある + Noun

In this expression, がある has the role of describing the noun that follows it. The description that it is giving is '(A) がある (B)' = '(B) has/with (A)'. This type of phrase is called a relative clause (something that describes a noun), and behaves similarly to an adjective.

In English, a relative clause would require a pronoun such as 'who' 誰(だれ), 'which' どれ, 'that' それ・あれ, 'where' どこ. However, these types of words are not required in Japanese, and the noun will follow がある directly.

Caution

In a relative clause, because (A) is describing (B), (B) will be considered the 'main topic/subject'. This means that は will generally not be used in place of が. However, の can be used instead of が, as showing a relationship between (A) and (B) is one of the main functions of の.

Topics

It's All Relative

N5 Topic

In this Topic, we're going to learn about relative clauses. With relative clauses we will be able to take verb phrases and use them to describe nouns, giving us even more ways to give detail about the things we're talking about.

3m

Related

Vocab Coverage

All Bunpro Vocab that appears on this item.

Examples

--:--

  • ベッドがある部屋(へや)。

    A room that has a bed.

  • たくさん休(やす)みがある５(ご)月(がつ)が好(す)き。

    I like the month of May with its many holidays.

  • 綺麗(きれい)な池(いけ)がある公園(こうえん)。

    A park with a beautiful pond.

  • 家(いえ)がある人(ひと)。

    People who have a house.

  • 冷蔵庫(れいぞうこ)がある台所(だいどころ)。

    A kitchen with a refrigerator.

  • Get more example sentences!

    Premium users get access to 12 example sentences on all Grammar Points.

Self-Study Sentences

Study your own way!

Add sentences and study them alongside Bunpro sentences.

がある + Noun – Grammar Discussion

Most Recent Replies (22 in total)

  • machinaeZER0

    machinaeZER0

    Is the がある here “the same” as がある/がいる (to be/there is)? And if so, is there ever an instance where がいる would be used in a similar manner? (Hopefully this question makes sense - I know がある is for non-living things and がいる is for living ones, but that may only be relevant when not used in this type of clause (and/or I haven’t gotten to the がいる version yet).

    Thanks!

  • casual

    casual

    Yes, it’s the same がある, just used as a relative clause modifying a noun. And yes, you can also use がいる in a relative clause in the same way. Or pretty much any other verb.

    For example, from 安達としまむら (https://learnnatively.com/book/d55ed32253/):

    遠ざかっていく日野たちのいる橋の方を一瞥してから、しまむらが笑った。

    Shimamura glanced in the direction of the bridge where Hino and her friend were riding away, and laughed.

    Here 日野たち are people, and so we see のいる＝がいる being used to describe the bridge in question.

  • machinaeZER0

    machinaeZER0

    Thank you, this is super helpful!

Got questions about がある + Noun? Join us to discuss, ask, and learn together!

Join the Discussion