Grammar Info

N5 Lesson 4: 12/13

がある + (Noun)

Noun (B) that has Noun (A), Noun (B) with Noun (A)

Structure

Noun + がある (1) + Noun

(1) のある

Details

  • Part of Speech

    Expression

  • Word Type

    Noun

  • Register

    Standard

  • 品詞

    表現

  • 単語の種類

    名詞

  • 使用域

    一般

About がある + Noun

In this expression, がある has the role of describing the noun that follows it. The description that it is giving is '(A) がある (B)' = '(B) has/with (A)'. This type of phrase is called a relative clause (something that describes a noun), and behaves similarly to an adjective.

In English, a relative clause would require a pronoun such as 'who' 誰(だれ), 'which' どれ, 'that' それ・あれ, 'where' どこ. However, these types of words are not required in Japanese, and the noun will follow がある directly.

Caution

In a relative clause, because (A) is describing (B), (B) will be considered the 'main topic/subject'. This means that は will generally not be used in place of が. However, の can be used instead of が, as showing a relationship between (A) and (B) is one of the main functions of の.

  • 漫画(まんが)はある本屋(ほんや)。(Unnatural Japanese, unless you're making the point that there is something else that this bookstore doesn't have. This is an advanced use of は)
    A book store that... well... it has manga.
  • 綺麗(きれい)な川(かわ)のある山(やま)。(Natural Japanese, but less common than が)
    A mountain with a beautiful river.

Examples

  • ベッドがある部屋(へや)。

    A room that has a bed.

  • たくさん休(やす)みがある５月(がつ)が好(す)き。

    I like the month of May with its many holidays.

  • 綺麗(きれい)な池(いけ)がある公園(こうえん)。

    A park with a beautiful pond.

  • 家(いえ)がある人(ひと)。

    People who have a house.

  • 冷蔵庫(れいぞうこ)がある台所(だいどころ)。

    A kitchen with a refrigerator.

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がある + Noun – Grammar Discussion

Most Recent Replies (19 in total)

  • smearedink

    smearedink

  • CosmicGuest

    CosmicGuest

    Why is があります incorrect? As in ベッドがあります部屋。

  • machinaeZER0

    machinaeZER0

    Question/confusion regarding the example I was quizzed on here:

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