Structure
Noun + に加え（て）
Details
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Formal
About に加えて
にくわえて is a formal grammar pattern in Japanese that is a combination of に, and the て-form of the る-Verb 加える 'to add', or 'to append'. Often, this structure will be translated as 'in addition to (A), (B)', or 'not only (A), but also (B).
Being that it is a formal phrase, に加えて will also often appear in its formal-conjunctive form に加え.
To use にくわえて, simply place it directly after the noun that you would like to highlight as being the base information, before discussing what exactly is 'in addition' to that base in the following clause.
Both the kanji and hiragana forms of this structure are fairly common, so it will be beneficial to remember both.
Caution
にくわえて is frequently used when (B) is something that is in addition to (A) in respect to magnifying what was already true of (A). This just means that it will often be used to highlight something being brought about by (B) that would not be possible with just (A) by itself. This increase may be either positive or negative.
- 今年の母の日には母に花束に加えて心を込めて書いた手紙を渡すつもりだ。This Mother's Day, I plan to give my mother a heartfelt letter in addition to a bouquet of flowers.
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今年になってから電気代に加えてガス料金までもが高くなった。This year, in addition to the electricity bill, even the gas bill has increased.
Synonyms
Examples
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白髪に加えてシワまで増えてきた。もう年だな。
My gray hair, not to mention my wrinkles, have increased. Boy am I old.
性能に加えて価格まで負けているようではどうにもならない。
Nothing can be done about the inferior value, not to mention ability.
彼の別荘にはテニスコートに加えてサッカーコートまであるんですよ。
His vacation home not only has a tennis court, but also a soccer pitch.
内科に加えて外科にもかかることになるなんて思いもしなかった。
I didn't even think I would have to consult a surgeon, not to mention a physician.
中指に加えて薬指まで骨折していました。
In addition to the middle finger, I also broke my ring finger.
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に加えて – Grammar Discussion
Most Recent Replies (5 in total)
mambodee
In addition to * Noun + に加え / に加えて
My text explains also
Verb (る) / Verb (ない) / Verb (た) + の + に加えて
Adjective (い) + の + に加えて
Adjective (な) + の + に加えてExamples:
A氏は働く意欲ご欠けているのにくわえ、社会常識もない。
日本の夏は暑いのにくわえて、湿度が高いので、過ごしにくい。As usage patterns for what seems like the exact same grammar point. Perhaps this grammar point can be expanded to cover the entire usage pattern?
In other post, Bunpro staff comments about focusing on JLPT grammar points. So I would like to know if the other forms (verb and adjectives) are not aon the JLPT exam? This will 1) help to me understand what I should and should not be engaging Bunpro staff about and 2) Help me understand what my school is teaching that might not be so important.
Cheers
JDJ77
Just a typo, need to drop the て from the formal conjunctive form at the end of the first paragraph
casual
I think English version is a bit confusing in this sentence:
性能に加えて価格まで負けているようではどうにもならない。
Nothing can be done about the inferior value, not to mention ability.I’d understand it more like this:
If/since they (business proposal/product/etc) are even losing on price in addition to performance, nothing can be done about it (obviously they won’t be able make the sale).
“Since” is coming from では (ては (JLPT N2) | Bunpro), and どうにもならない refers to the combined state よう, not to price and performance separately.
Current translation, at least to me, makes it sound like どうにもならない is supposed to refer to 性能 separately, which doesn’t lead to an obvious fill-in answer.
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